Хонинговальные головки

Traditional manufacturing methods based on CDCF achieve very high production rates in both the aeroengine and land-based gas turbine markets. Extremely complex multispindle machines by OEMs such as Blohm, Elb, and Excello [n. d.] were designed in the late 1970s and 1980s that could grind all the surfaces of a blade in cycle time of […]

17.2.1 Introduction The last 25 years has seen a dramatic growth in the use of vitrified CBN at wheel speeds of 80 m/s up to as high as 200 m/s in certain key cylindrical applications. Three such applications, camshaft grinding, crankshaft grinding, and peel grinding, will be discussed to illustrate what the technology is and […]

The grind cycle on a standard internal grinder consists of a series of fixed infeed rates and amounts, namely, a rapid approach, rough grind, finish grind (10 to 30 pm), spark-out, retract, and unload/load. Figure 18.9 graphs the programmed slide moves with time for one grind cycle. Figure 18.10 illustrates the associated grinding power. There […]

19.5.1 The Grinding Wheel Centerless grinding wheels tend to be larger in diameter and wider than in center grinding. This means there are many more cutting edges available for grinding. Since the cutting action is shared between many more abrasive grains, wheel life between dressing operations tends to be greatly increased. This makes for economic […]

Cs is the wheel cost, cs, divided by the number of parts produced per wheel, Nw The number of parts per wheel is given by (19.31) where dsmax is max wheel diameter, dsmin is min wheel diameter, rs is radial grinding wear per dress, ad is dressing depth, nd is number of dressing passes, and […]

The Nyquist Criterion can conveniently be employed to test for stability. The Nyquist Criterion states that a system will be unstable if the open-loop transfer function encircles the point (-1, 0) on the negative real axis in a clockwise direction. With a small modification, the test may also be applied to the characteristic equation; the […]

Peripheral longitudinal grinding with axial ultrasonic assistance is characterized by a periodically changing working direction with continuous cutting edge engagement. The newly created workpiece surfaces have sinusoidal machining marks [Warnecke and Zapp 1995]. Through the superposition of the conventional grinding process with ultrasonic oscillation, there is an additionally arising and constantly changing velocity that is […]

The waves generated on the workpiece as well as on the grinding wheel surfaces are the envelope of the relative vibration between them. To start with, the waves generated on the workpiece surface will be considered. In this case, the waves are the envelope of the periphery of the grinding wheel. As far as the […]

8.4.3 Microtopography The current microtopography of the grinding tool can be judged directly by measurement or reproduction, or indirectly by analyzing the process effects or the work result. The best-known methods for a direct judgment of the grinding wheel topography are the measurement of the tool surface by gauging, for example, by laser triangulation or […]

The first attempts to measure grinding forces go back to the early 1950s and were based on strain gauges. Although the system performed well to achieve substantial data on grinding, the most important disadvantage of this approach was the significant reduction of the total stiffness during grinding. Thus research was done to develop alternative systems. […]