Хонинговальные головки

Surface roughness, not surprisingly, is closely related to uncut chip thickness. RT Roughness Rt roughness is the SI parameter for maximum surface roughness, the maximum difference between peak height and valley depth within the sampling length. As a first approximation, Rt is independent of depth of cut but is dependent on vw, vs, C ■ […]

3.5.1 Microplowing, Chipping, and Breaking The removal process during the engagement of an abrasive cutting edge on the surface of a workpiece mainly depends on the physical properties between the active partners. A basic distinction can be made between three different mechanisms: microplowing, microchipping, and microbreaking (Figure 3.7). In microplowing, there is a continual plastic, […]

Segmental wheel research first began with conventional wheels in the 1970s as part of an effort to evaluate the effect of high speed [Yamamoto 1972, Anon 1979, Abdel-Alim, Hannam, and Hinduja 1980]. However, the labor-intensive manufacturing costs were not competitive for the economic gains in productivity possible at that time. However, the recent development of […]

Grain growth is closely controlled in a sulphide matrix. The alumina is separated out by acid leaching without crushing. The grain shape is nodular, which aids bond retention, while the elimination of crushing reduces mechanical defects from processing. 5.4.6 Postfusion Processing Methods As mentioned above, the type of particle reduction method can greatly affect the […]

3.4.6 Development of CBN CBN is the final and most recent of the four major abrasive types, and the second hardest super­abrasive after diamond. Trade names include Borazon (from GE who first synthesized it commer­cially), Amborite and Amber Boron Nitride (after De Beers), or in Russian literature as Elbor, Cubonite, or P-BN. Boron nitride at […]

Wheel manufacturers such as Universal Grinding Wheel (Saint-Gobain Abrasives) have taken this concept further, and produced wheels with multiple pore former size distributions to create both macroporosity for high permeability and microporosity for controlled fracture of the bond. This type of wheel, with trade names such as Poros 2, has proved very effective for creep-feed […]

Finally, for the roughest dressing of large cylindrical or centerless wheels there are grit tools and cluster impregnated tools (Figure 7.12). Grit tools represent the most cost-effective dressing tool for the commonest applications using straight wheels. Clusters consist of a single layer of five to seven large natural diamonds semiex­posed on a round flat surface […]

Diamond rolls are high-precision tools and must be treated as such. The following are recommended procedures for assembling a roll on a spindle shaft: • Standard roll/spindle assembly tolerances. Standard toleranced assemblies refer to rolls with bore tolerances of 2.5 to 7 pm over nominal mounting on shafts with nominal to 2.5 pm undersize, giving […]

Comparison of various international surface roughness systems is given in Table 2.1. 2.2.20 Factors That Affect Roughness Measurements Relative values between different roughness systems will vary by up to 20% depending on the metal-cutting process by which they were generated. Even when considering just grinding, the abrasive type can alter the ratio of Rz to […]

During grinding, the cutting edge of the grain penetrates the workpiece on a very flat path causing plastic flow of the material after a very short phase of elastic deformation. Since the angle between cutting edge contour and workpiece surface is very small due to the cutting edge rounding, no chip is formed initially. The […]