This refers to a range of products using wheels in the 5- to 25-mm-diameter range to grind extremely high volumes of components on dedicated grinders. Tolerances now become somewhat relaxed compared with those for fuel injection and fall in the 1 to 5 pm range. The key to these machines, though, is cycle time, much […]
Рубрика: Handbook of Machining with Grinding Wheels
Control Wheel Dressing
19.5.4.1 Dressing Geometry The axis of the control wheel is inclined at an angle, Ф, sufficient to provide traction in the axial direction. A small angle is employed for plunge grinding and a larger angle for through grinding as explained previously. This means the axis of the control wheel is not parallel with the axis […]
Materials, Grinding Wheels, and Grinding Variables
19.10.9.1 AISI 52100 Steel Five grinding wheels were employed for easy-to-grind bearing steel AISI 52100. The wheels are listed in Table 19.4. The medium-speed wheels were larger than the high-speed wheels as indicated in Table 19.3. A two-level experimental arrangement for eight factors based on an L1628 array was used to determine the best conditions […]
Dynamic Compliances
The effect of the frequency response function for machine system compliances can be demonstrated using a second-order single degree of freedom system defined by
Grinding Stiffness and Grinding Damping
A simplified linear dynamic grinding system can be represented by masses, springs, and elements. Based on the following simple grinding force model, which says that the normal grinding force Fn is proportional to the material removal rate damping (8.3) where X is constant, b is grinding width, vw is workpiece speed, vs is grinding […]
BASE MATERIALS
10.4.1 Introduction In many cases, mineral oils are used as the base material for cooling lubricants. Mineral oil bases consist of hydrocarbons with mostly paraffinic, naphthenic, or aromatic structures. Depending on the fraction of the paraffins, naphthenes, and condiments, a distinction can be made between paraffin-based, naphthene-based, and mixed base oils [Mang 1983, Moller and […]
Temperature Sensors
In any grinding process mechanical, thermal, and even chemical effects are usually superimposed in the zone of contact. Grinding in any variation is generating a significant amount of heat that may cause a deterioration of the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece, an undesirable change of the surface integrity, or lead to increased wear of the […]
Grinding of Ductile Materials
13.1 INTRODUCTION 13.1.1 Grindability Workpiece material composition and condition control all aspects of the grinding process. As ever greater demands are placed on productivity and quality, it becomes critical that the engineer understands the metallurgy of the materials being ground and their impact on the grinding process. Grindability is the term used to describe the […]
ELID GRINDING OF CERAMICS 14.5.1 Mechanism of ELID Grinding Technique
ELID is a new technique that uses electrolysis to remove bond material. The application of this dressing technique during the course of a grinding process allows chips and debris to be removed easily and allows grindability to be maintained over a long period of time. Various applications of ELID grinding have been developed. With ELID […]
ELEMENTS OF AC SERVODRIVE BALLSCREW SYSTEMS 15.8.1 The Ballscrew
A ballscrew (or recirculating ball leadscrew) is at the heart of a controlled linear-motion system. It is a precision-ground hardened steel or stainless steel threaded shaft on which a ballnut rides with rolling contact to provide a positive, high efficiency of transmission and low friction. The ballscrew is manufactured by turning, heat treating, and then […]