Хонинговальные головки

This refers to a class of grinders that must have the flexibility to perform a range of grinding operations that may also include face and OD grinding in a broad range of parts. Multispindle (a) At load/unload position   (b) At grind position [Bryant (1995)]   FIGURE 18.22 Bryant UL2 loader for shoe centerless mode […]

A different problem can arise with heavy workpieces if there is insufficient control wheel friction to turn the workpiece on contact with the grinding wheel. Heavy workpieces are unlikely to suffer the problem of “spinning.” In fact, heavy workpieces are more likely to suffer the problem of failing to turn at all under the action […]

Direct-effect charts are the result of the experimental design described in Section 19.10.7. An example is shown in Figure 19.29. The example is for workpiece roughness in high-speed CBN grinding of AISI 52100. The results clearly show that high wheel speed reduces roughness. A chart for grinding ratio is shown in Figure 19.30 for the […]

Substituting s = jm in Equation 19.76, it is possible to solve the characteristic equation to find the unstable limit frequencies and the corresponding limits of grinding force stiffness at the threshold of instability. Noting that m = n. Q., the frequencies are given by where A and B are the real and imginary parts […]

The dynamic compliance of the mechanical system, which consists of the workpiece, the grinding wheel, and the grinding machine, is represented by and u = cosacos(a — в) where a is the angle between the direction of the depth of cut and the direction of the natural frequency mode of the mechanical system, в is […]

An important group of cooling lubricant additives are polar additives, whose molecules contain polar groups (Figure 10.2). Polar additives are mostly unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds such as fatty acids, fatty alcohol, and fatty acid esters. Due to their polarity, these agents firmly deposit on the workpiece surface and form an adhering lubricating film. Additionally, there are […]

The majority of sensors are capable of measuring the macrogeometrical features. Any kind of mechanical contact of a sensor with the rotating grinding wheel causes serious problems because the abrasives always tend to grind the material of the touching element. Only by realizing short touching pulses with small touching forces and by using a very […]

Malleable cast iron is produced by controlled annealing of white iron to produce round graphite nodules. The material is ductile, tough, and has good machinability, but grindability is lessened by a tendency for wheel loading. 13.2.3 Nodular or Ductile Cast Iron Nodular ductile cast iron has the carbon in the form of round graphite nodules […]

A detailed discussion of machine tool design is beyond the scope of this book. The following sections highlight some important features in the design and construction of grinding machines and their elements. For a more detailed discussion, there are publications dedicated to this field such as Slocum [1992]. 15.1 THE MACHINE BASE 15.1.1 Introduction The […]

Ac servomotors are a class of induction motor modified for servo-operation. It is an asynchronous motor consisting of a stationary ac transformer (stator) and a rotating shorted secondary circuit (rotor) that carries an induced secondary current. The rotor consists of laminated iron cores with slots for conductors. Torque is produced by the interaction of the […]