Хонинговальные головки

Cs is the wheel cost, cs, divided by the number of parts produced per wheel, Nw The number of parts per wheel is given by (19.31) where dsmax is max wheel diameter, dsmin is min wheel diameter, rs is radial grinding wear per dress, ad is dressing depth, nd is number of dressing passes, and […]

The Nyquist Criterion can conveniently be employed to test for stability. The Nyquist Criterion states that a system will be unstable if the open-loop transfer function encircles the point (-1, 0) on the negative real axis in a clockwise direction. With a small modification, the test may also be applied to the characteristic equation; the […]

Peripheral longitudinal grinding with axial ultrasonic assistance is characterized by a periodically changing working direction with continuous cutting edge engagement. The newly created workpiece surfaces have sinusoidal machining marks [Warnecke and Zapp 1995]. Through the superposition of the conventional grinding process with ultrasonic oscillation, there is an additionally arising and constantly changing velocity that is […]

The waves generated on the workpiece as well as on the grinding wheel surfaces are the envelope of the relative vibration between them. To start with, the waves generated on the workpiece surface will be considered. In this case, the waves are the envelope of the periphery of the grinding wheel. As far as the […]

8.4.3 Microtopography The current microtopography of the grinding tool can be judged directly by measurement or reproduction, or indirectly by analyzing the process effects or the work result. The best-known methods for a direct judgment of the grinding wheel topography are the measurement of the tool surface by gauging, for example, by laser triangulation or […]

The first attempts to measure grinding forces go back to the early 1950s and were based on strain gauges. Although the system performed well to achieve substantial data on grinding, the most important disadvantage of this approach was the significant reduction of the total stiffness during grinding. Thus research was done to develop alternative systems. […]

12.4.1 Introduction With better understanding of new technologies such as this, it is often possible to push productivity considerably further. The example described before, based on grinder technology that is now 15 years old, had a cycle time of about 6 min limited by burn. On the latest grinders with much more sophisticated CNC controls, […]

Basically, a grinding wheel has three components: abrasive, bond, and core. Figure 14.2 presents the three components of a superabrasive diamond or CBN wheel [Inasaki 1998]. In general application, diamond wheels can be resin, metal, or vitrified bond. Wheels can be classified according to the bond material as either [Marinescu et al. 2001] monolayer-electroplated wheels […]

In addition to the shear damping base design, Slocum [1992] and Weldon [Hallum 1994] developed a self-compensating hydrostatic bearing design for use on their Model 1632 cylindrical grinder (Figure 15.16). A gear pump (1) provides vibration-free fluid delivery to the self-compensating pads (2). The fluid enters the pad through ports at the edge of each […]

Hydraulic drives generally use gerotor pump technology to provide a compact high-power/high- torque motor that has made this style of dresser drive the mainstay of form-roll dressing applications for conventional wheels for the last 30 years. Hydraulic spindles suffer from serious thermal problems as they get hot after only a few minutes, although this can […]