Хонинговальные головки

The classic electric, belt-driven dresser shown in Figure 15.43 has an ABEC 7 ball bearing arrangement for table-mounted surface grinders such as creep feed. Air-oil mist porting is required to the bearings while custom porting is provided for dressing. A proximity sensor is often placed on the pulley to confirm spindle rotation. The spindle design […]

An innovation of surface grinding driven by the Japanese in the 1980s is a process called Speed Stroke Grinding that involves very high table speeds of 50 to 100 m/min and shallow depth of cuts of the order of 1 pm or less. The interest was initially centered around improved die manufacture and achieving high […]

16.7.1 Principles and Limitations of Lapping Fine grinding, also known as flat honing, low-speed precision grinding, or grinding, with lapping kinematics, refers to a type of grinding being advanced by machine tool builders who previously made lapping machines. FIGURE 16.70 Surface textures produced by lapping and fine grinding. Lapping, using free abrasive slurry, has been […]

Whereas camshaft lobe grinding faces difficulties associated with cylindrical grinding, a nonround part at least, all lobes of the component are configured on a common centerline. Finish grinding of crankshaft pins may appear to be a simpler round grind operation but each pin is on a different centerline governed by the “throw” of the crank. […]

19.1 THE IMPORTANCE OF CENTERLESS GRINDING Centerless grinding is used for fast production and high accuracy. The process is best for larger batches where set-up times are small compared to machining time. Small rollers and needles, for example, are machined to close tolerances in quantities of millions by through-feed centerless grinding. Batch quantities do not […]

At low workspeeds, workpiece roundness levels were similar for the two machines and, in fact, higher roundness errors were measured with the stiff machine. The high roundness errors at low workspeeds are partly because there are insufficient revolutions of the workpiece to reduce the roundness errors. Higher roundness errors can result from a stiff machine […]

Rounding geometry was introduced in Section 19.2.5. A question of interest is whether centerless grinding is ultimately capable of the highest standards of roundness. In recent years, it has become apparent that achievable standards of roundness are approaching the limits of available measuring machines [Hashimoto et al. 1983]. The question of ultimate roundness is less […]

Up boundaries were colored blue in Figure 19.56. Unstable zones lie above the up line and stable zones beneath. An example shows a stable zone marked with a “+” sign and an unstable zone marked with a “-” sign. Up boundaries were determined by calculating the angle x for each point on the boundary from […]

In order to suppress vibrations in grinding, it is necessary to identify whether it is forced vibration or self-excited vibration. Figure 8.2 provides a possibility for identifying the type of vibration in grinding. If the vibration is detected while the machine idles, it is forced vibration. Vibrations with higher frequency than the grinding wheel rotational […]

10.8.1 Introduction The design of a supply system and the selection of the feed parameters must meet the specific technological demands of the grinding process. Since the cooling of the grinding process primarily depends on cooling lubricant supply to the contact zone, secondary cooling effects play only a minor role, hence the percentage of the […]