Yan et al. [YAN12] invented a bamboo charcoal composite that has vascular bundles as pores and is coated with abrasive particles in a metal bond layer around the vascular bundles. The advantage is claimed to be an easy fabricating process with low cost and high quality; the abrasive tool can be used for polishing operations [YAN12].
9.2.2.4 Deposition of Diamond Layers
Directly deposited diamond can act as abrasive layer [WEBS04]. Brinksmeier et al. [BRIN12] produced chemical vapor depositioned (CVD) diamond coated wheels. The CVD process achieved equal sized grits with a uniform distribution in a grit size between 0.5 and 30 pm [BRIN12]. Good results with small chip thicknesses were obtained in ultra-precision glass grinding [BRIN12].
Gabler et al. produced abrasive pencils (burs) with a rough CVD diamond layer [WEBS04, GABL03]. They varied substrate diameters down to 60 pm, coating time between 10 and 90 h, and coating temperatures and achieved different crystal sizes.
9.2.2.5 Micro Tools
Aurich et al. [AURI09] produced micro grinding tools with a diameter down to 20 pm for tool grinding. They developed a desktop sized precision machine to electroplate the diamond tool and produce a defined cutting tool.
9.2.2.6 Ice Bonded Tools
Mohan and Ramesh Babu [MOHA11] developed an ice bonded abrasive polishing process for flat surfaces. The process kinematics are close to those of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). The tool itself consists of a frozen slurry and is cooled by liquid nitrogen. The slurry composition and freezing methods play a significant role on how the abrasives are distributed in the ice matrix [MOHA11].