Хонинговальные головки

Cutting edge density is important to understand tool performance during the grinding process. Many researchers analyzed the statistical nature of the cutting edges [KASS69, BUTT68, SALJ88, HOU03, LORT75, etc.]. 6.2.1 Definitions 6.2.1.1 Static Cutting Edge Density Researchers differentiate between grit number and cutting edge number because each grit can have several cutting edges. However, both […]

Today, dressing tools with diamond material are commonly used for grinding wheels [KLOC05a], using either stationary or rotating dressing tools. Stationary tools move parallel along to the grinding wheel axis on a path defined via NC programming or guide ruler (Fig. 6.17). The grinding wheel topography is gener­ated like in a turning process [KLOC05a]. The […]

7.3.2.1 Traditional Fundamental Requirements in Grinding Manufacturing processes have to accomplish certain tasks depending on workpiece material, stock removal (finishing or roughing operation), availability of machines, batch size, form and dimension tolerances, achieved surface roughness and integ­rity, and more [LINK12c]. The following discussions focus on ductile material in finishing operations and the choice of the […]

Speed-stroke grinding is surface pendulum grinding with increased table speeds up to vw = 200 m/min. Advantages arise from the changing active chip formation mechanisms [INAS88, ZEPP05]. Chips gets shorter and thicker, which accounts for a more effective chip formation. The specific material removal rate, Qw, results from depth of cut, ae, and workpiece speed, […]

Sintered corundum can be also produced from fused corundum, which is crushed and sintered with auxiliary agents such as glass phase agents [KLOC05a, p. 25]. 2.1.3 Manufacture of Corundum by Sol-Gel Process Sol-Gel corundum is produced by the sol-gel procedure and a subsequent pressure-less sintering procedure (Fig. 2.8) [KLOC05a, p. 25]. The crystal sizes are […]

2.5.1 Natural Abrasives Before the development of appropriate grit synthesis methods, natural abrasives were used. Today, some natural materials are still used for polishing applications. The disadvantages of natural abrasives are their lower strength with the exception of natural diamond, as well as the non-reproducible grit quality [KLOC09, p. 17]. Quartz (silica, SiO2) includes the […]

2.9.3.1 Friatest Manufacturers of superabrasives evaluate the grit fracture behavior by impact strength tests, so called friability test or friatester [ODON76, MARI04]. A grit sample with a defined weight and a steel ball are encased in a capsule, which is then shaken with a defined cycle number [VOLL12]. The impact load breaks a portion of […]

Resin bonds have comparably high elasticity. Therefore, this bond type is selected for wheels that are subject to impacts, sideways load, sudden loads, or high cutting speeds. Typical applications are cut-off or roughing operations. In addition, resin bonds work well for finishing processes to achieve high surface quality. Bond elasticity, however, might have a negative […]

In general, electroplated wheels have just one layer of abrasive grits. Therefore, tool life can be a major determining factor and grit strength is of major relevance. The range of characteristics available in diamond grit types is considerably wider for metal bonds than for use in other bonding systems. Often high strength crystalline diamond types […]

The biggest volume of diamond saws is used in cutting stone and refractory materials. Abrasive wires and saws are also used in the electronics and solar industry to cut silicon and quartz crystals into wafers. In Multi-Wire-Slicing, a wire is led by several coils to form several wire lines, which cut simultaneously [KLOC09, p. 386]. […]