16.1 TYPES OF SURFACE GRINDING PROCESS
Terms for grinding were incorporated in an international dictionary for material removal processes by International Institution for Production Engineering (CIRP) after agreement between representatives of a number of countries including from United States, Europe, China, Japan, and Asia [CIRP 2005]. The dictionary gives terms for material-removal processes in French, German, and English and largely incorporates the terms employed in the German standard.
In this handbook, the terms employed are closely aligned with the CIRP dictionary. It allows some flexibility between the general terms derived from general cutting terminology and the more specific terms generally used in grinding. Figure 16.1 is taken from the CIRP dictionary and gives the commonly used symbols for wheel speed, workspeed, depth of cut, geometric contact length, and equivalent wheel diameter.
Surface-grinding processes are classified in Germany according to DIN 8589-11 in terms of the predominantly active grinding wheel surface position and of the table feed motion type. In the case of peripheral grinding, the grinding spindle is parallel to the workpiece surface to be machined. The workpiece material is mainly cut with the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel. In the case of face grinding with axial feed, in contrast, the grinding spindle is vertical to the workpiece surface. In this process, the workpiece material is mainly cut with the face side of the grinding wheel. The table feed motion can be translational or rotary. Figure 16.2 shows the classification of surface-grinding processes according to DIN 8589-11 [DIN 8589]. The reader will find that alternate symbols are used for some terms. Three examples are as follows:
Parameter Acceptable Symbols
Grinding wheel speed vs or vc
Workspeed vw or vft
Width of grinding bw or ap or bseg