Хонинговальные головки

Malkin defines attritious wear referring to the development and growth of wear flats on the tips of active grains. Attritious wear is measured by the percentage of the wheel surface covered with wear flats [MALK68, p. 36]. Jackson defines attritious wear as wear that occurs “atom by atom” by physical and chemical interaction between grain […]

Companies start to include Corporate Social Responsibility into their corporate culture [MCCL10]. Traditionally, lower need levels of people were regarded, such as food, health and safety, but in the future the social aspects will likely be extended to higher levels such as worker satisfaction, self-esteem, etc. [HUTC10]. Societal aspects of product or process assessment include […]

8.1 Case Study on Conventional Abrasives Versus Superabrasives for Vitrified Bonded Tools The user can decide between conventional tools with corundum or silicon carbide or superabrasive tools with diamond or cubic boron nitride. Not only do the tools have different performance profiles, but also different embodied energies, which is important for accounting manufacturing energy to […]

Look at this small grit, this tiny grain, so small one must rub hundreds of them between finger and thumb to feel their sharpness. Insignificant little grits and easily slighted in our sophisticated technological world, but without this small fragment of abrasive, transformed, when viewed under a microscope, into jagged heroic blocks — without these […]

At room temperature, diamond is the material with the highest known temperature conductivity, which can reach up to 2100 W/(m K) depending on crystal purity [SEN91]. Furthermore, diamond exhibits a low electric conductivity, which can increase significantly with Boron assembled into the diamond crystal structure. In oxygen atmosphere, diamond has a low friction coefficient of […]

2.8.1.5 Effect on Tool Production High sintering temperatures over 1300 °C can occur in manufacturing of vitrified bonded tools. In particular, diamond features low thermal wear resistance in air, which forced manufacturers to develop special low-temperature sintered bonds and to apply inert atmospheres [LINK15]. Electric and magnetic properties are important for electro-plated bonds because they […]

3.1.1 Chemistry and Types of Resin Bonds A resin bonded grinding wheel consists of abrasive grits in a resin bond with or without fillers (Fig. 3.2). This wheel type has commonly a low porosity compared to vitrified bonded tools. Resins are viscous liquids capable of hardening. They are polymers, i. e. large molecule chains composed […]

Sintered bonds are produced by mixing of metal powder and abrasive grits, molding, either hot pressing or cold pressing, and sintering (Fig. 3.14). In excep­tional cases, the metallic powder is mixed with an organic binder (paraffin oil and/or wax granule). This binder helps to produce a green compact, which can be handled, and vaporizes in […]

Grinding belts are manufactured as displayed in Fig. 4.5. The manufacturing route starts with the backing material, which can be paper, cloth of natural or synthetic fiber, or metal (in the case of diamond coated abrasive tools) [BORK92, p. 47]. In addition, the backing can be wet-proofed or reinforced with wire. Strength and flexibility are […]

Tools are graded by the manufacturer according to the coarseness or fineness of the particles of the abrasive material they contain, but the working qualities of the tools depend not only on the size of the particles, but also upon the quality of the binder. It thus results that tools which have the same commercial […]