Хонинговальные головки

All discussed effects produce a complex grinding process model. This axiomatic model, however, is simplified and based on existing models. The main application is fine grinding of ductile material, leaving exemptions, special process variants and Fig. 7.32 Low scrap rate (diagram follows Fig. 7.30) other applications open. Experimental data, sensitivity analyses and empirical data could […]

In the long run, the manufacturing paradigm has to shift from non-sustainable mass production, mass consumption, and mass disposal to sustainable environmentally conscious ones [UMED12]. The eco-efficient layout of manufacturing processes and products will be a core competency for engineers in the future. It is important to integrate all the life cycle phases from the […]

The density of atom bonds in the different diamond planes defines hardness and cleavage behavior (Fig. 2.15) [BRUN62, FIEL79]. The octahedral plane (111) is the main cleavage plane [FIEL81, LENZ86]. This can be explained by the lower toughness and, therefore, smaller necessary breakage energy along this plane Cubic plane (100) Rhombic dodecahedral

The hardness of abrasives is defined in terms of the static indentation hardness as determined by Knoop or Vickers hardness test [MALK08]. Chip formation needs a high degree of grit hardness and toughness [KLOC05a]. Moreover, cutting edge sharpness over a longer period is affected by the grit hardness and wear resistance. There is no direct […]

Raw material extraction, manufacturing, and choice of abrasive grits for later processing and use affect different stakeholders. The grit manufacturer is mostly concerned with the following aspects: • The grit price depends on raw material availability, raw material price, local energy costs, labor costs as well as equipment costs and maintenance. • The location defines […]

Metallic bonds are either multi-layered (produced by sintering or infiltration) or single-layered (produced by electroplating or brazing) [MARI07]. They are only applied to superabrasive grits because conventional grits wear too quickly to use the bonding strength to full capacity. 1.3.1 Chemistry and Types of Metallic Bonds for Multi-layer Abrasive Tools Metallic multi-layered bondings consist of […]

Grinding pins, also called mounted wheels or mounted points, are small wheels to which a mandrel is cemented, molded or die casted into one end [LEWI76, p. 44]. These tools are often used in hand-held operations for deburring, finishing of welds, chamfering, or dental operating procedures. A large variety of shapes exists (see DIN ISO […]

Grinding wheel bodies of steel are manufactured with high dimensional quality and can easily be re-plated or re-layered. In multi-layer tools, the old abrasive layer is removed by etching of the adhesives that connect abrasive layer and body with chemical baths. A steel body can be reused up to six times [MARI07, p. 107]. Wheel […]

The static properties of a grinding wheel can be tested by compression, tensile or bending tests, in which the deformation of tool samples in the form of cylinders or rods is measured [QUIR80, p. 6]. Industrial practice is the three-point bending test, for example after DIN EN 993-7 [MERB03, p. 25, BOTS05, p. 88]. The […]

Abrasive machining processes themselves can be regarded as tribological systems where workpiece material and abrasive tool interact under the influence of cooling lubricant and atmosphere [MARI04]. Abrasive tools are subjected to high tem­peratures and high pressures in the active cutting zone. Consequently, tool wear occurs. Tool wear happens because of mechanical effects (vibrations and grinding […]