Хонинговальные головки

Gear honing is a finishing method for gears which was originally employed after grinding in order to produce surface structures on the tooth flanks favourable to noise emission. Small stock allowances of about 15 pm would be removed from the flanks. As the process developed further, it was able to be utilized directly af­ter hardening, […]

Honing tools must be prepared prior to their first use. This operational step is a key determinant of the machining process and of a tool’s technological and eco­nomic performance. 7.2.1 Honing Stones with Corundum or Silicon Carbide Honing tools with conventional abrasive grains receive their desired form through mechanical material removal. Since narrow honing stones […]

In lapping, the work surface rubs against the workpiece surface to be processed. Machining is achieved by means of the insertion of a lapping slurry (lapping grains and fluid) into the working gap between the machining disc (the tool) and the workpiece. In the process, loose grains (cutting edges) are added either con­tinually or intermittently. […]

9.1 Abrasive Blast Cutting According to DIN8589 [DIN78a] abrasive blast cutting is to be classified with the group machining with geometrically undefined cutting edges. In contrast to other methods in that category such as grinding, honing and lapping, it is used for a tar­geted influence of the surface layer. From this angle, it has gained […]

The dressing process creates the grinding wheel shape and topography required for the respective machining task. Fluctuations of the actual depth of dressing cut, temperature drift of the machine axes relative to each other and further sources of disturbance cause dressing errors and thus fluctuations in workpiece quality as well. In order to guarantee a […]

In order to make a sufficient analysis of the grinding process, a number of influ­ences must be taken into account, and their relevance of their respective effects on the process must be evaluated. Some essential input parameters are the grinding tool, the workpiece to be machined, the variables as well as influences derivable from cooling […]

In contrary to conventional honing tools, cBN or diamond honing stones must be adapted to the form of the workpiece prior to use. For the honing of holes, for ex­ample, the tools are ground to the dimensions of the hole in a pre-tensioned state on an external grinding machine with silicon carbide or precious corundum […]

Planar lapping is used to create flat surfaces with high surface qualities. Two method variations are distinguished. In the first case, the workpieces are freely movable and are guided over the lapping disc; in the second case they are placed in so-called carriers with restricted guidance in order to avoid reciprocal damages. The workpieces are […]

Common to all blasting methods is that kinetic energy is responsible for the opera­tional performance. The blasting abrasive used is also furthered and accelerated in the case of pressure blasting by fluid or gaseous carrier means. In centrifugal blasting, a centrifugal wheel accelerates the blasting abrasive. The amount of re­moval depends thereby on the mass […]

10.6.1 Monitoring Grinding Wheel Wear with the AE Effective Value The AE effective value depends to a great extent on the specific material removal rate Q’w, the dressing conditions and the grinding wheel specifications as well. Likewise, the level of the URMS-value in the individual process phases correlates with the effective peak-to-valley height of the […]